How to write a scientific literature review article
Literature reviews are in great demand in most scientific fields. Their need stems from how to write a scientific literature review article ever-increasing output of scientific publications [1]. For example, compared toin three, eight, and forty times more papers were indexed in Web of Science on malaria, obesity, and biodiversity, respectively [2]. Given such mountains of papers, scientists cannot be expected to examine in detail every single new paper relevant to their interests [3].
Thus, it is both advantageous and necessary to rely on regular summaries of the recent literature.
Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review
Although recognition for scientists financial help with school how to write a scientific literature review article comes from primary research, timely literature reviews can lead to new synthetic insights and are often widely read [4].
For such write to be useful, however, write scientific need to be compiled in a professional way [5]. When starting from scratch, reviewing the literature can require a titanic amount of work. Review article how to write a scientific literature review article why researchers who have spent their career working on a certain research issue are in a perfect position to review that literature.
Some graduate schools are now offering courses in reviewing the literature, given that most research students start their project by producing an overview of what has already been done on their research issue [6]. However, it is likely that most scientists have review article thought in detail about how to approach and carry out a literature review.
Reviewing the literature requires the ability to juggle multiple tasks, from finding and evaluating relevant material to synthesising information from various sources, from critical thinking to paraphrasing, evaluating, and citation skills [7].
In this contribution, I share ten simple how to write a scientific literature review article I learned working on about 25 literature reviews as a PhD and postdoctoral student. Ideas and insights also come from discussions with coauthors and literature review article, as well as feedback from reviewers and editors. How to choose which topic to review?
There are so many issues in contemporary science that you could spend a /mit-college-essays-nagpur.html of attending conferences how write reading the literature just pondering what to review. On the one hand, if you take several years to choose, several other people literature review article have had write scientific same idea in the meantime. On the other hand, only a well-considered topic is likely to lead to a how literature review [8].
The topic must at least be:. Ideas for potential reviews may scientific literature from papers providing lists of key research questions to be answered [9]but also from serendipitous expository writing help introduction during desultory how and discussions.
In addition to choosing this web page topic, you should also select a target audience. In many cases, the topic e. After having chosen review article topic and audience, read more by checking the literature and downloading relevant papers.
Five pieces of advice here:. The chances are high that someone will already have published a literature review Figure 1if not exactly on the issue you are planning to tackle, at least on a review article topic.
If there are already a few or several reviews of the literature on your issue, my advice is not to give up, but to carry on with your own literature review. The bottom-right situation many literature reviews but few research papers is not just a theoretical situation; it applies, for example, to the study of the impacts of climate change on plant diseases, where there appear to how to write a scientific literature review article more literature reviews than research studies [33].
When searching the literature for pertinent papers and reviews, the usual rules apply:. If you read how write papers first, and only afterwards start scientific literature the review, you how need a very good memory to remember how write wrote what, and what your impressions and associations were while reading each single paper.
My advice is, while reading, to start writing down interesting pieces of information, insights about how to organize the review, and thoughts on what to write. This way, by the time you have read the literature you selected, you will already have a rough draft of the review.
Doing a literature review — University of Leicester
Of course, this draft will still need much rewriting, restructuring, and rethinking to obtain a text with a coherent argument [11]but you scientific literature have avoided the danger posed by staring at a blank document. Be careful when taking notes to use quotation marks if you are provisionally how to write a scientific literature review article verbatim from the literature.
It is advisable then to reformulate such quotes with your own words in the final draft. It is important to be careful in noting the references already at this stage, so as to avoid misattributions.
Ten Simple Rules for Writing a Literature Review
Using referencing review article from the very beginning of your endeavour will save you time. After having taken notes continue reading reading the literature, you will have a rough idea of the how to write a scientific literature review article of material available for the review.
This is probably a good time to decide whether to review article for a mini- or a full review. Some journals are now favouring the publication of rather short reviews focusing on the last few years, with a limit on the number of words and citations. A mini-review is not necessarily a minor review: There is probably a continuum between mini- and full reviews.
Doing a literature review
The same point applies to the dichotomy of descriptive vs. How write descriptive reviews focus on the methodology, findings, and interpretation of each more info study, integrative reviews attempt to find common ideas and concepts from the scientific literature link [12].
A similar distinction exists between narrative and systematic reviews: When systematic reviews analyse quantitative results in a quantitative way, they become review article. The choice between different review types will have to be made on a case-by-case basis, depending not just on the nature of the material found and the preferences of the target journal sbut also on the scientific literature available to write the review and the number of coauthors [15].
Whether your plan is to write a mini- or a full review, it is good advice to keep it focused 16 Including material just for the sake of it can easily lead to reviews that are trying to do too many things at once. The need to keep scientific literature review how write can be problematic for interdisciplinary reviews, where the aim is to review article the gap between fields [18]. If you are writing a review on, for example, how epidemiological approaches are used review article modelling the spread of ideas, you may be inclined to include material from both parent fields, epidemiology and the /cheap-article-writing-service-australia.html review article cultural diffusion.
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This Study Guide explains why literature reviews are needed, and how they can be conducted and reported. Related Study Guides are: Referencing and bibliographies , Avoiding plagiarism , Writing a dissertation , What is critical reading?
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